Native plants of southeast Michigan offer a beautiful, sustainable option for landscaping. From vibrant wildflowers like golden Alexanders to hardy shrubs like American hazelnut, these plants provide low-maintenance choices. We will explore the top native plants thriving in the Lower Peninsula.
Planting native species here offers ecological, aesthetic, and practical benefits. Well-adapted to the local climate and soil, they require less maintenance. This guide covers native trees, shrubs, perennials, ferns, and grasses that thrive in the region
- If you live in the Motor City, check out our guide for the “Best Native Plants for Your Detroit Garden.”
- If you’re interested in learning more about native plants throughout the entire state, check out “Michigan Native Plants for Home Landscapes.”
Native trees
The native trees of southeast Michigan are true gems that define the local ecosystem and landscape. Standout species like the Eastern redbud, wild black cherry, and swamp white oak bring their own unique charm and ecological advantages. These trees not only add to the region’s natural beauty but also boost biodiversity, attract local wildlife, and offer vital habitats for various species.
Eastern redbud
Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis) is a native tree in southeast Michigan, growing 15 to 30 feet tall. It has striking pink to lavender flowers in early spring and heart-shaped leaves that turn yellow in the fall. The tree thrives in moist, fertile, well-drained soils and can grow in part shade to full sun. It attracts birds, provides nesting material for bumblebees, and has moderate deer resistance.
Wild black cherry
The eastern or wild black cherry (Prunus serotina) is a native tree that can grow from 50 to 85 feet tall. It has shiny, dark green leaves that turn red and yellow in the fall. This tree thrives in well-drained soils and can tolerate full sun to partial shade. It is relatively pest resistant and produces fruit that is eaten by a variety of bird species and animals. After being pitted, the cherries can be eaten fresh or made into jellies, jams, or pies.
Swamp white oak
The swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor) is a large deciduous tree that can grow up to 60 to 80 feet tall. It has a broad, rounded crown and leaves that are dark green on top and silvery white underneath, turning yellow-brown in the fall. This tree thrives in wet, poorly-drained acidic soils and is highly tolerant of flooding. Its acorns are an important food source for wildlife such as deer and squirrels.
Iron chlorosis can affect swamp white oaks. For further information, see “How to Treat Iron Chlorosis in Trees and Shrubs.”
Native shrubs
Native shrubs play a crucial role in the ecosystem of southeast Michigan, providing food and habitat for local wildlife. Iconic species such as the American hazelnut, red-osier dogwood, and spicebush not only enhance the natural beauty of local landscapes but also add a touch of seasonal charm with their varied foliage, blooms, and berries. These resilient plants are perfect for any southeast Michigan garden.
American hazelnut
The deciduous American hazelnut (Corylus americana) can reach heights of 6 to 12 feet. It produces delicious nuts loved by both people and wildlife and has round leaves with serrated edges. In autumn, its colors range from vivid yellow to rich crimson. This shrub can withstand full or partial shade and grows best in well-drained soils.
Red-osier dogwood
The deciduous red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea) can reach heights of 3 to 20 feet. It has clusters of tiny white blooms from May to October and brilliant red stems that are particularly striking in winter. This shrub thrives in wet, well-drained, and partially shaded soil. Wildlife like deer, shorebirds, marsh birds, and ducks browse on dogwood. It also attracts birds and butterflies.
Spicebush
Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) is a deciduous shrub that typically grows 6 to 15 feet tall. It features red berries in the fall and tiny yellow blooms in early spring. Its leaves and twigs are fragrant. This shrub is a versatile addition to native plant gardens because it thrives in wet, well-drained soils and can tolerate both full sun and full shade. It can also be used on slopes to reduce erosion.
Native flowers
Native perennials are a cornerstone for sustainable landscapes in southeast Michigan. Standout plants like golden Alexanders, rough blazing star, and blue wood aster add vibrant beauty to gardens and provide essential support for local wildlife and pollinators. These plants are well-suited to the local climate and soil, making them an eco-friendly choice for any garden in the Lower Peninsula.
Golden Alexanders
This plant is perfect for garden borders and naturalized areas. Perennial golden Alexanders (Zizia aurea) grow to a height of 1 to 3 feet. In mid-spring, they produce clusters of tiny, vivid yellow blooms. Purple-tinged dry seed heads add visual appeal in the summer. They thrive in wet, well-drained soils and can withstand both full sun and partial shade. When crushed, the stems and leaves release a parsley-like scent.
Rough blazing star
The rough blazing star (Liatris aspera) is a perennial that can grow 3 to 5 feet tall. It features spikes of small lavender flowers that bloom from August to October. This plant thrives in dry to average soil moisture and full sun to partial sun, making it a great addition to prairies and meadows. Bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds are attracted to its vibrant, nectar-rich blooms. This plant is a low-maintenance option for adding color and wildlife interest to your garden.
Blue wood aster
Blue wood aster (Symphyotrichum cordifolium) is a perennial that typically grows up to about 4 feet tall. It produces clusters of small white, pink, blue, or purple flowers from mid-September to early October in Michigan, providing vital nectar for pollinators during this time. This plant thrives in part shade to full sun and prefers moist soils.
The Consumer Horticulture Educator at the Wayne County Extension Office, Lindsey Kerr, told us, “One of my favorite native flowers is the blue wood aster (Symphyotrichum cordifolium). It thrives in my front yard, in partial sun, in the root zone of a silver maple tree. It is one of the latest asters to bloom, providing food for bees late into the fall.”
Native ferns
Native ferns are an essential component of the understory in forests like the Manistee National Forest, providing habitat and food for various wildlife. Key species include the sensitive fern, lady fern, and ostrich fern, each contributing unique textures and ecological benefits to the landscape. Ferns also play a crucial role in stabilizing soil and preventing erosion.
Sensitive fern
Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis) is a deciduous plant that grows from a few inches to 2 feet tall. It has broad, light green fronds that are highly sensitive to frost, hence the name. A common name for this fern is bead fern, because of its ornamental “beaded” stalks. This fern thrives in wet, shady areas and is often used around ponds, bogs, and rain gardens.
Lady fern
The lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina) grows from 1 to 4 feet tall and is deciduous. It has delicate, lacy fronds that create a graceful appearance in shaded garden areas. This fern prefers moist, humus-rich soils and can thrive in full to partial shade. Lady fern spreads quickly, making it great for filling empty spaces in landscapes, and its vibrant green color adds a pop of life to any shady area.
Ostrich fern
Ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris) is a tall, deciduous fern that can grow between 3 and 8 feet. It features large, feathery fronds resembling ostrich plumes, adding a striking vertical element to shaded gardens. This fern thrives in cool, wet, sandy soils and is ideal for planting near ponds or in rain gardens. It is not recommended for small spaces due to its aggressive nature.
Native grasses, sedges, and rushes
Native grasses, sedges, and rushes are vital to the unique ecology of southeast Michigan. They provide essential habitat and nourishment for local wildlife, help control erosion, filter water, and support a diverse array of insect species. Key species that thrive in this region include bottlebrush grass, Pennsylvania sedge, and soft-stemmed rush. These native plants enhance the natural landscapes and embody the rich environmental heritage of southeast Michigan.
Bottlebrush grass
Bottlebrush grass (Elymus hystrix) is a perennial bunchgrass that can grow up to 5 feet tall. It produces unique, bottlebrush-like flower spikes from June to August. This grass thrives in sun or part shade and well-drained soils, making it ideal for woodland gardens and shaded areas. It also attracts butterflies.
Pennsylvania sedge
Pennsylvania sedge (Carex pensylvanica) is a low-growing perennial plant that typically grows around 8 inches. It has fine, arching green leaves and produces delicate, yellowish flower spikes from May to July. This sedge thrives in dry to moist soils and can tolerate full sun to partial shade, making it an excellent ground cover for shaded landscapes.
Soft-stemmed rush
The soft-stemmed rush is a perennial plant that grows up to 3 feet tall. Soft-stemmed rush (Juncus effusus) has cylindrical green stems and produces clusters of small, greenish-brown flowers from June to September. This rush thrives in wet clay, loam, and sandy soils, and is often used in rain or bog gardens. It attracts birds and has moderate resistance to deer.
What to read next
Read the following articles to learn more about landscaping and lawn care in southeast Michigan.
- The Best Grass Seed for Southeast Michigan
- When to Plant Grass Seed in Michigan
- When to Fertilize Your Lawn in Michigan
- When to Dethatch Your Lawn in Michigan
- When to Aerate Your Lawn in Michigan
FAQ: Southeast Michigan native plants
Where can I find native plants in southeast Michigan?
You can find native plants in southeast Michigan at local nurseries and garden centers that specialize in native species. Additionally, many conservation organizations and native plant societies hold plant sales and events where you can purchase native plants. You can also check with the Michigan Master Gardener Association to find a location near you, like:
- Feral Flora: Ann Arbor
- Designs By Nature: Laingsburg
- Wildtype Native Plant Nursery: Mason
- Michigan Wildflower Farm: Portland
How do I know which native plants are best for my yard?
Choosing the best native plants for your garden depends on factors like soil type, sunlight, and moisture levels. Conduct a soil test and observe the light patterns in your garden to make informed decisions. Then, research the growing conditions of each plant to ensure it will thrive. Consulting with local landscapers or nurseries can also provide valuable recommendations for native plants suited to your area.
How do I maintain native plants?
Maintaining native plants generally requires less effort than non-native species, as they are adapted to local conditions, but this doesn’t mean you can “plant it and forget it.”. Regular watering during the establishment period, occasional pruning, weed control, and monitoring for pests and diseases are key practices. Mulching can help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
When to call a pro
Landscaping with native plants in southeastern Michigan offers many benefits, from promoting biodiversity to requiring less maintenance. However, knowing when to call a professional for help with this specialized type of landscaping is crucial for success. Lawn Love can quickly connect you with qualified local lawn care pros who specialize in native plants in southeastern Michigan.
Our professionals can be reached in Ann Arbor, Detroit, Warren, and other southeastern Michigan cities.
Main Image Credit: David J. Stang / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0
